% *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 
% Copyright (C) 1994 Y&Y, Inc. 
% Copyright 2007 TeX Users Group.
% You may freely use, modify and/or distribute this file.
% *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 

% ============================================================================
% Accented and composite characters in fonts that do not use TeX text encoding
%	PC version (for `DOS850' encoding vector)  VERSION 1.0 (1994 Jun 24)
% ============================================================================

% `plain' TeX - and `lplain' TeX - have accents hard-wired to certain codes.

% A non-CM font can be reencoded to TeX text encoding ---
% in this case accents and composite character will be where TeX expects them.
% But, quite often it is advantageous to encode a font another way.
% This can provide access to many characters not found in TeX text encoding.

% When a font is reencoded, compound characters and accents may be moved.
% This will prevent TeX's normal handling of compound characters and accents.
% This file indicates how to deal with this ---
%	--- and concludes with sample code specific for `DOS850' encoding.

% Changes required for math constructions that use roman font are at the end

% You may wish to just \input this file for DOS 850 in your TeX source.

% NOTE: it would be much cleaner to do this by changing TeX's `xchr' table,
% but few implementations of TeX provide for this desirable customization.

% NOTE: This uses accented/composite characters in the font directly, by
% using pseudo-liagtures.  If your TFM files do not have these, then comment
% out the section labelled: `% USING READY-MADE ACCENTED CHARACTERS'

% --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 

% Protect against style files that make quotedbl `active'

\chardef\dblcode=\catcode`\"	% save catcode of quotedbl
\catcode`\"=12			% make quotedbl what it should be

% --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 

% NOTE: plain TeX (and LaTeX) has the accent character positions hardwired to:

% 16 for `dotlessi', 17 for `dotlessj', 
% 18 for `grave', 19 for `acute', 20 for `caron', 
% 21 for `breve', 22 for `macron', 
% 23 for `ring', 24 for `cedilla',
% 25 for `germandbls', 26 for `ae', 27 for `oe', 
% 28 for `oslash', 29 for `AE', 30 for 'OE', 31 for `Oslash',
% 94 for `circumflex', 95 for `dotaccent', 125 for `hungarumlaut',
% 126 for `tilde', 127 for `dieresis',
% (see page 356 of the TeX book for additional information)

% --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 

% The following sample redefinitions are for `DOS850' encoding:

% Tell TeX where various special characters are:

\chardef\ae=145	%	ae
% \chardef\oe=156 %	oe	% not in DOS 850
\chardef\o=155  % 	oslash
\chardef\AE=146 %	AE
% \chardef\OE=140 %	OE	% not in DOS 850
\chardef\O=157  %	Oslash
\chardef\i=213  %	dotlessi
\chardef\ss=225	%	germandbls

% The following are constructed from pieces in CM, but exist in most T1 fonts

\chardef\aa=134 \chardef\AA=143 % aring, Aring
\chardef\cc=135 \chardef\CC=128 % ccedilla, Ccedilla

% NOTE: \cc may conflict with `carbon copy' in letter.sty ...

% \chardef\l=189 \chardef\L=190	% lslash, Lslash  % not in DOS 850

\chardef\pounds=156 \chardef\copyright=184

% DOS 850 also has the icelandic characters:

\chardef\th=231 \chardef\TH=232		% thorn, Thorn
\chardef\dh=208 \chardef\DH=209		% eth, Eth

% --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 

% For backward compatability, provide for use of font with TeX's \accent:
% (Although it is better to use actual accented characters, since \accent
% creates explicit kerning which breaks the hyphenation machinery)
% NOTE: This is overridden by section: `% USING READY-MADE ACCENTED CHARACTERS'

% \def\`#1{{\accent96 #1}}	% grave		% not in DOS 850
\def\'#1{{\accent239 #1}}	% acute
% \def\^#1{{\accent94 #1}}	% circumflex	% not in DOS 850
% \def\~#1{{\accent126 #1}}	% tilde		% not in DOS 850
\def\"#1{{\accent249 #1}}	% dieresis
\def\=#1{{\accent238 #1}}	% macron
% \def\v#1{{\accent141 #1}}	% caron		% not in DOS 850
% \def\u#1{{\accent247 #1}}	% breve		% not in DOS 850
% \def\.#1{{\accent250 #1}}	% dotaccent	% not in DOS 850
% \def\H#1{{\accent34 #1}}	% hungarumlaut	% not in DOS 850

% underline and cedilla accents (macron at 175, cedilla at 184)

\def\b#1{\oalign{#1\crcr\hidewidth
    \vbox to.2ex{\hbox{\char238}\vss}\hidewidth}}
\def\c#1{\setbox0\hbox{#1}\ifdim\ht0=1ex\accent184 #1%
  \else{\ooalign{\hidewidth\char247\hidewidth\crcr\unhbox0}}\fi}

% --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 

% USING READY-MADE ACCENTED CHARACTERS:
% We can use pre-built accented character using pseudo ligatures --- 
% provided the TFM files for the text fonts have them wired in.
% Using prebuilt accented chars prevents the introduction of explicit kerning
% by \accent --- but is limited to prebuilt accented chars in the font.
% Plain vanilla text fonts in Type 1 format have 58 `standard' composite chars.
% The following assumes that the TFM files have the required pseudo-ligatures.
% Use command line flags `a', `d' and `j' with AFMtoTFM to set this up.
% If your TFM files do *not* have the pseudo ligs then comment this section out.
% Do the same if you use accented characters *other* than the 58 `standard' ones

% \chardef\`=96	% grave		% not in DOS 850
\chardef\'=239	% acute
% \chardef\^=94	% circumflex	% not in DOS 850
% \chardef\~=126 % tilde	% not in DOS 850
\chardef\"=249	% dieresis
\chardef\c=247	% cedilla
\chardef\==238	% macron
% \chardef\v=141	% caron		% not in DOS 850
% \chardef\u=247	% breve		% not in DOS 850
% \chardef\.=250	% dotaccent	% not in DOS 850
% \chardef\H=34		% hungarumlaut	% not in DOS 850

\chardef\i=213

% --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 

% Changes required in math macros when roman font is reencoded to `DOS850'.
% (An alternative is to draw the accents from the math fonts)

% --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 

% Make the adjustments needed when roman font is reencoded to `DOS850':

\def\grave{\mathaccent"7060 }	%  96 grave
\def\acute{\mathaccent"70EF }	% 239 acute
\def\hat{\mathaccent"705E }	% 94 circumflex
\def\tilde{\mathaccent"707E }	% 126 tilde
\def\ddot{\mathaccent"70FA }	% 250 dieresis
\def\bar{\mathaccent"70EE }	% 238 macron
% \def\check{\mathaccent"708D }	%     caron		% not in DOS 850
% \def\breve{\mathaccent"70C6 }	%     breve		% not in DOS 850
% \def\dot{\mathaccent"70FA }	% 250 dotaccent		% not in DOS 850

% --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 

% The following provides access to the 58 accented/ composite characters.
% Some convenient abbreviations conflict with macros in plain or lplain
% (for example, \aa, \Aa, \ae, \Ae, \oe, \Oe, \sc, \Sc in plain TeX)
% So these have had to be be named something slightly less menmonic.

% --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 

% 58 `standard' accented chars exist in many fonts - including BSR CM from Y&Y
% One can define control sequences to access these directly as follows.
% But its probably more convenient to use the mechanism described above...

% \chardef\ay=228 \chardef\ee=235 \chardef\ie=239 \chardef\oy=246
% \chardef\ue=252 \chardef\ye=255 % a, e, i, o, u, y - dieresis

% \chardef\Ay=196 \chardef\Ee=203 \chardef\Ie=207 \chardef\Oy=214
% \chardef\Ue=220 \chardef\Ye=159 % A, E, I, O, U, Y - dieresis

% \chardef\ax=225 \chardef\ea=233 \chardef\ia=237 \chardef\oa=243
% \chardef\ua=250 \chardef\ya=253 % a, e, i, o, u, y - acute

% \chardef\Ax=193 \chardef\Ea=201 \chardef\Ia=205 \chardef\Oa=211
% \chardef\Ua=218 \chardef\Ya=221 % A, E, I, O, U, Y - acute

% \chardef\ag=224 \chardef\eg=232 \chardef\ig=236 \chardef\og=242
% \chardef\ug=249 % a, e, i, o, u - grave

% \chardef\Ag=192 \chardef\Eg=200 \chardef\Ig=204 \chardef\Og=210
% \chardef\Ug=217 % A, E, I, O, U - grave

% \chardef\ac=226 \chardef\ec=234 \chardef\ic=238 \chardef\oc=244
% \chardef\uc=251 % a, e, i, o, u - circumflex

% \chardef\Ac=194 \chardef\Ec=202 \chardef\Ic=206 \chardef\Oc=212
% \chardef\Uc=219 % A, E, I, O, U - circumflex

% \chardef\At=195 \chardef\Nt=209 \chardef\Ot=213 % A, N, O - tilde

% \chardef\at=227 \chardef\nt=241 \chardef\ot=245 % a, n, o - tilde

% \chardef\sr=154 % \chardef\zr=255 % scaron, zcaron

% \chardef\Sr=138 % \chardef\Zr=223 % Scaron, Zcaron

% Remaining four `composites': aring, Aring, ccedilla, Ccedilla defined above.

% --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 

% If you want to use < for `guillesinglleft' and > for `guillesingright'
% then uncomment the following lines:

% \catcode`\<=\active \chardef<=174
% \catcode`\>=\active \chardef>=175

% If you use < for `exclamdown', > for `questiondown', and | for `emdash'
% then uncomment the following lines:

% \catcode`\<=\active \chardef<=173
% \catcode`\>=\active \chardef>=168
% \catcode`\|=\active \chardef|=151

\chardef\lq=96 \chardef\rq=39

% Note that \lq and \rq also provide access to ` and '

\catcode`\"=\dblcode		% restore original catcode of quotedbl

% If you use " for quotedblright then uncomment the following:

% \catcode`\"=\active \chardef"=148

\endinput

% **************************************************************************

% NOTE: definitions have embedded numbers that depend on the chosen encoding
% These will need to be changed if you use an encoding other than `DOS850'

% **************************************************************************

% **************************************************************************
%	Y&Y, Inc, 45 Walden Street, Concord, MA 01742 USA  (978) 371-3286
% **************************************************************************